Several years ago I began to question some long held assumptions/beliefs that affected my worldview, specifically, in the area of eschatology. By worldview I mean the way I function in life based on the beliefs I held – how I saw my world. I had always been dissatisfied with my former way of thinking. It had no practical value. As early as high school I had written off eschatology saying that it would all work out in the end. The domino that started the great effect for me was Daniel 9 and the 70 weeks.
I did have questions about Jesus’ time statements in Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. I knew that the Greek is a very expressive language and the disciples asked a very specific question. Why would Jesus muddy the water by throwing a term that is rare at best to describe something? He was speaking to His disciples. They understood what He was saying. So, I was not satisfied with the scholars’ answer of “generations” and put it aside in the pile of stuff that I just don’t get. Maybe I’ll write on this sometime. This however, was not the crucial pin that held everything together. The floating 70th week was.
I am a seeker of Truth. I am a seeker of Jesus. These statements are synonymous. I don’t want to settle for the status quo. That doesn’t mean I throw everything out but I want to look at everything with fresh eyes depending on the Holy Spirit “to give insight with understanding.” My prayer and hope is that you would consider what is said, study the passages, and present it before the Lord for personal revelation. After all, revelation means Divine disclosure. The idea is that Father wants to make known. “Now we have received… the Spirit who is from God, so we may know the things freely given to us by God.” (I Cor. 2:12)
I venture on this site to speak nothing that Father is not working in me by revelation. I have opinions that I don’t hold too strongly because I know I have limited insight. Father does not have limited insight. I will endeavor to listen to Him and represent what I believe He is telling me. Can I miss it? Of course. Growth is a process of learning. I want to represent Him in the integrity of my heart. It is not for my own pat on the back. I find that growth usually comes in time, not all at once. It is a process in harmony with others. We are the body of Christ for a reason. So here is my story for you to question, critique, heckle, but most importantly to think about and allow my growth to affect yours - one way or the other. You don’t answer to me but to our Lord and the ones you are in relationship with. You are responsible for maintaining your own integrity.
I had several questions in my study.First let me say that dispensationalists/futurists (of which I was one) require in their hermeneutics to treat Scripture literally if the text could be understood and explained from a literal standpoint. If the text can be understood in a literal sense, then it should stand on its own merit and not some other interpretation read into it. It was my literalist teaching that led me into looking closer at Daniel 9.
The gap theory?
There is no exegetical or hermeneutical principle that allows for the gap between the 69th and 70th week. The Genesis gap, you say? This was developed to combat current, secular teaching that the earth went through several stages of development that lasted millions of years. No one taught gap theory prior to Darwin. No other time prophecy has experienced a gap. The previous brake in this passage after 49 years has no gap.
The prophecy recognized the cutting off of Jesus by the Jews and therefore understood and planned for this. There was no parenthesis because the Jews rejected Jesus. It was in the prophecy. If this was in the prophecy, why wasn’t the parenthesis? Jesus alluded to this rejection in his parable of the land owner sending servants to collect rent and then sending his son who they killed. The land owner then came in force and uprooted the wretched tenets.
As far as time perspective, above all, Scripture should interpret Scripture. If the Scripture plainly puts a time frame, say 70 years, then that is what can be expected. If the Scripture says the time is far off and another place says it is near, it will be consistent in determining the time frame. It won’t mean one thing in one place and another thing in another place. I am referring to Michael telling Daniel, “Go your way, Daniel, for these words are concealed and sealed up until the time of the end.”( Dan. 12:9) And in 8:26, “The vision of the evenings and mornings which has been told is true; but keep the vision secret, for it pertains to many days in the future.” (490 years from the time of Artaxerxes’ decree to be exact.) In contrast to Revelation 22: 10, “And he said to me, ‘Do not seal up the words of the prophecy of this book, for the time is near.’”
Daniel was to have clear insight and understanding, 9:22.
My dispensationalist grandparents?Dispensationalism was founded in 1585 by a Spanish Jesuit, Francisco Ribera (1537-1591). He was countering the protestant attack on the papacy. The Protestants were preaching that the Pope was the beast of Revelation. (We’ve been doing this a long time now, haven’t we?) This is where the first teaching of the 70th week in the future began.
And the centuries pass when a protestant, S.R. Maitland of England (1792-1866) printed Ribera’s writings in 1826 for the purpose of historical study. He produced several pamphlets in which John Nelson Darby (1800-1882) digested and reproduced throughout the Plymouth Brethren, which he founded. His writings influenced C. I. Scofield (1843-1921) who in turn produced the Scofield Bible. Scofield, in turn affected my denomination and then me. I remember when I read a pamphlet about Scofield’s false teaching. I was horrified. I rejected it for some time – years, actually. However, the Holy Spirit’s gentle nudging to look deeper softened my heart. Becoming aware of the origins of dispensationalism helped me recognize that this teaching hasn’t always been around – only around 180 years in the protestant history of the Church. That’s less than 10% of overall church history.
Confirmation of fulfilled prophecy?
There is no better apologetic than prophecy fulfilled. This confirms the validity of the Word of God. God spoke over 500 years prior to the fulfilled prophecy. It unfolded just as He said it would.
Dan. 9:24
Seventy weeks have been decreed for your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to make an end of sin, to make atonement for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy and to anoint the most holy place.The year of the decree: 457 B.C.
Dan. 9:25
So you are to know and discern that from the issuing of a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince there will be seven week and sixty-two weeks; it will be built again, with street and moat, even in times of distress.When the decree started is a big question among scholars. Some say with Cyrus in 538 B.C. However, this would produce an 81 year mistake. Even the futurists acknowledge that the prophecy was fulfilled up to the 70th week. I don’t think they would acknowledge this as being the starting point.
Forty-nine years later: 408 B.C.
Ezra and Nehemiah fulfilled this portion of the prophecy. Even to the building of the wall in troubled times (Nehemiah 4:7 & 17).
Four hundred, thirty-four years later: A.D. 27
Jesus is baptized by John and is anointed for ministry (Luke 3:21-23). Dionysius Exiguus’ (16th century) calendar messed up the dating. It was during this approaching time that the people started looking for the Messiah. Remember the “the people were in a state of expectation and all were wondering in their hearts about John, whether he was the Christ” (Lk 3:15) and “the Jews sent to him priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, ‘Who are you?’” (Jn1:19) Of all the books in the Septuagint Daniel was copied most. It seems that had a propensity for end time prophecy. After all, it was their “time of the end.”
Three and one-half years later: A.D. 30
Dan. 9:26
Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and have nothing…This is a beautiful picture of Father God “cutting a covenant” with us. Remember v. 24 are the terms of the Covenant and v. 27 states, “He will make a firm covenant with the many for one week, but in the middle of the week he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering.” God is the great king making covenant with Himself on our behalf for all those who will enter in Christ. A completion of the covenant He made with Abraham when He put Abraham to sleep and made a covenant with Himself on Abraham’s behalf. (Gen. 15)
Mid-week Jesus is crucified just as it was prophesied.
Dan. 9:26
…and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. And its end will come with a flood; even to the end there will be war; desolations are determined.
“people” – implies an army.
“prince” – Titus was son of Vespasian, emperor of Rome. Four years prior, with the death of Galba, Vespasian went back to Rome leaving Titus in charge to finish the work and allowing for perfect accuracy of Biblical prophecy. They utterly destroyed Jerusalem in 70 A.D. like a flood. The second half of verse 27 speaks of Titus.
“desolations are determined” – This was set in motion during the 70th week. It is not required by the text to be completely fulfilled during the 70th week (same word used in 11:36, “for what has been determined must take place”). The same Hebrew word is used in verse 27 when speaking of the destruction. The final ultimate destruction occurred 34 years later with the fall of Jerusalem the harlot.
Three and one-half years later: A.D. 34
Dan. 9:27
And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one week
The covenant was established with the Jews for three and a half years prior to taking the gospel into Samaria. Shortly after the stoning of Steven the Spirit led Phillip into Samaria (Acts 8:5) and later to the Gentiles.
Context of Daniel?
Daniel was praying for revelation based on Jeremiah’s specific time prophecy that was soon approaching (Dan. 9:1-3). Michael came to Daniel by commandment of the Lord that Daniel would understand (spoken twice in v. 22 and again in v. 23 emphasizing Daniel was to understand the prophecy). This was not some vague, cloudy prophecy that was hard to understand. God spoke it and it came to pass.
References:Seventy Weeks: The Historical Alternative by Robert Caringola
Whose Right it is: A Handbook of Covenantal Theology by Kelley Varner
Beyond the End Times by John NoeWell, there it is. This is my first drafting so I will review in time and make corrections as needed. Feel free to critique and assist in the smoothing out process. I am open to the Lord for revelation; He may very well use you to do it. One request, please. Only present what Father has made revelation to you. I know dispensational teaching, so let’s not rehash the obvious. Start with the premise that I know where you are coming from and then let’s have an intelligent conversation. I don’t argue or debate. Dialog is my game with mutual respect. I am not attacking anyone’s character. I believe that all come to the table with a sincere heart, desiring the truth, and open to the Holy Spirit.
Peace and blessings.